Applications of Image Processing Methods in Solar Coronal Data Analyzes: An Overview

Document Type : Review Paper

Authors

1 Research Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics of Maragha (RIAAM), University of Maragheh, Maragheh, P.O. Box: 55134-441, Iran

2 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Buein Zahra Technical University, Buein Zahra, Qazvin, Iran

3 Department of Geography and Rural Planning, University of Zanjan, University Blvd., 45371-38791, Zanjan, Islamic Republic of Iran

Abstract

The solar corona, the outermost layer of the Sun's atmosphere, plays a crucial role in understanding solar phenomena and their impact on space weather and terrestrial systems. As advancements in solar observation technologies continue to produce high-resolution coronal images, the need for effective image processing methods has become increasingly important. This paper highlights the significance of processing techniques specifically designed for solar coronal images, which are essential for revealing intricate details of coronal structures, such as solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and magnetic field configurations. We explore various image processing methodologies, including event detection, contrast enhancement, and pattern analysis, that enhance the quality and interpretability of coronal images. Additionally, we address the challenges associated with processing coronal images, such as the presence of unrelated background, variability in data acquisition, and the complexity of coronal dynamics. By reviewing recent advancements in new instruments and algorithms, this paper explains how improved technologies and developed processing methods can lead to more accurate analyses of coronal phenomena, ultimately contributing to the broader field of solar research and our understanding of the Sun's influence on the solar system. The findings emphasize the need for ongoing innovation in image processing methods to unlock new insights into the behavior of the solar corona and its implications for space weather forecasting and solar-terrestrial interactions.

Keywords

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Iranian Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume 12, Issue 1
June 2025
Pages 37-71

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