Space Climate and Solar Energetic Particles

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Physics Department, Payame Noor University (PNU), 19395-3697-Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Physics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the effect of solar corona magnetic activities during 11-year periods and energetic particles on global warming. According to atmospheric changes during the past years, the relationship between these two issues should be investigated. How the activities of the solar corona affect the average temperature of the Earth and also the increase in its temperature, have been the attention of researchers in recent years. For this purpose, we use the source of data recorded from the momentary position of the Sun in reliable sites, as well as information recorded from the flow of cosmic particles on the surface of the Earth by the GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) detector, which belongs to the NASA space agency. Solar activity affects the Earth's geomagnetic field and creates a geoelectric field on the Earth's surface. This phenomenon can affect technological systems, such as power grids, oil and gas pipelines, and railway systems, leading to damage to power grids, equipment, line breaks, and even blackouts. Results of this study show that there is a significant relationship between the magnetic activities of the Sun in 11-year cycles and the temperature of the Earth, which can be considered an essential parameter in predicting many crises and climate changes on the Earth's surface. Our results also indicated that changes in the number of sunspots and cosmic particles are inversely to each other.

Keywords

References

[1] Knudsen, M. F., Seidenkrantz, M. S., Jacobsen, B. H., & Kuijpers, A. 2011, Nature Commun.
[2] Kondratev, K., Moskalenko, N. I., Parzhin, S. N., & Skvortsova, S. 1985, Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Izvestiia, Fizika Atmosfery i Okeana, 21, 451.
[3] Qian, L., McInerney, J. M., Solomon, S., Liu, H., & Burns, A. 2021, J. Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126, 3.
[4] Schlesinger, M. E., & Ramankutty, N. 1994, Nature, 367, 723.
[5] Tavabi, E., Koutchmy, S., & Ajabshirzadeh, A. 2011, New Astron., 16, 296.
[6] Tavabi E., Koutchmy S., & Ajabshirizadeh A. 2013, Sol. Phys., 283, 187.
[7] Tavabi, E., Koutchmy, S., & Ajabshirizadeh, A. 2011, Adv. Space Res., 47.
[8] Tavabi, E. 2012, J. Modern Physics, 3, 1786.
[9] Tavabi, E., Koutchmy, S., & Ajabshirizadeh, A. 2013, SoPh., 283, 187.
[10] Tavabi, E., & Koutchmy, S. 2014, Ap&SS, 352, 7T.
[11] Tavabi, E., Koutchmy, S., & Bazin, C. 2018, SoPh., 293, 42T.
[12] Tavabi, E., Ajabshirizadeh, A., Ahangarzadeh Maralani, A. R., & Zeighami, S. 2015, J. ApA, 41, 18.
[13] Tavabi, E., Koutchmy, S., & Golub, L. 2015, SoPh., 290, 2871.
[14] Tavabi, E., Koutchmy, S., & Golub, L. 2018, ApJ, 866, 35.
[15] Tavabi, E., & Koutchmy, S. 2019, ApJ, 883, 41.
[16] Tavabi, E., Zeighami, S., & Heydari, M. 2022, SoPh., 297, 76.
[17] Tavabi, E., & Sadeghi, R. 2022, JESP, 48, 749.
[18] Tavabi, E., Rajabi, M., & Zeighami, S. 2022, IJAA.
[19] Tavabi, E., & Zeighami, S. 2022, IJAA.
[20] Trenberth, K. E. , Fasullo, J. T. 2012, Space Sciences Series, Springer Netherlands, 41, 81.
[21] Veretenenko, S. V., & Ogurtsov, M. G. 2018, Geomagn. Aeron., 58, 973.
[22] Zeighami, S., Ahangarzadeh Maralani, A. R., Tavabi, E., & Ajabshirizadeh, A. 2016, SoPh., 291, 847.
[23] Zeighami, S., Tavabi, E., & Amirkhanlou, E. 2020, JApA, 41, 18Z.
[24] Zeighami, S., & Tavabi, E. 2021, JESP, 44, 671.
[25] Zeighami, S., & Tavabi, E. 2021, IJAA.
[26] Zeighami, S., Tavabi, E., & Ajabshirizadeh, A. 2023, JESP.
[27] Sherstyukov, B. G. 2022, Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 62, 623.
[28] Pirjola R. 1985, IEEE Trans Power Appar Syst; PER-5(10), 2825.
[29] Park, J, & Chang, H. 2013, J. the Korea Space Science Society, 30, 241.
[30] Hood, Lon L., Bryant, I., & Van der Leeuw, J. 2022, Geophysical Research Letters, 49, 22.
[31] Chen, J., Tang, C., Chu, X., Wang, X., & et al. 2023, J. Geophysical Research, Space Physics, 128, 10,
[32] Hansen, S. C., & Cally, P. S. 2012, ApJ, 751, 1.
[33] Gopalswamy, N., Mäkelä, P., Akiyama, S., Yashiro, S., Xie, H., & et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 8.
[34] Krucker, S., & Lin, R. P. 2000, ApJ, 542, L61.
[35] Mohammadi, Z., Alipour, N. Safari, H., & Zamani, F. 2020, J. Geophysical Research:
Space Physics, 126, e2020JA028868.
[36] Kristjánsson, J. E., Kristiansen, J., & Kaas, E. 2004, Advances in Space Research, 34, 407.
[37] Svensmark, J., Enghoff, M. B., Shaviv, N. J., & Svensmark, H. 2016, J. Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 121, 8152.
[38] https://www.spaceweatherlive.com
[39] https://www.swpc.noaa.gov
[40] http://cr0.izmiran.ru/oulu/main.htm
[41] http://sidc.oma.be/cactus/
[42] http://www.sidc.be/silso/home
[43] http://cosmicrays.oulu.fi/
[44] https://www.climate4you.com
[45] https://www.nasa.gov
[46] http://www.iranastro.ir
[47] https://hupaa.com
Iranian Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume 11, Issue 1
March 2024
Pages 1-16

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics